Piracetam - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets and capsules 200 mg and 400 mg, injections (injections in ampoules)) drug for the treatment of vascular disorders, pressure in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Pyracetam. Presented are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors specialists on the use of Piracetam in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Piracetam analogues in the presence of existing structural analogs.Use for the treatment of vascular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and pressure in adults, children (including newborns), as well as during pregnancy and lactation. Effect of the drug.

Pyracetam - has a positive effect on the metabolic processes of the brain, increases the concentration of ATP in the brain tissue, enhances the biosynthesis of ribonucleic acid and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, enhances the utilization of glucose. It improves the integrative activity of the brain, facilitates the consolidation of memory, facilitates the learning process. Changes the speed of propagation of excitation in the brain, improves microcirculation, without providing a vasodilating action, inhibits the aggregation of activated platelets. Has a protective effect in brain damage caused by hypoxia, intoxication, electroshock, increases alpha and beta activity, reduces delta activity on the EEG, reduces the severity of the vestibular nystagmus.

Has no sedative, psycho-stimulating effect. The drug improves the connections between the cerebral hemispheres and synaptic conductivity in neocortical structures, restores and stabilizes cerebral functions, especially consciousness,memory and speech, increases mental performance, improves cerebral blood flow.

Pharmacokinetics or action of the drug

After ingestion, it is well absorbed and penetrates into various organs and tissues. Penetrates through blood-brain and placental barriers, accumulates in the brain tissue 1-4 hours after ingestion. From spinal fluid is excreted much more slowly than from other tissues. Virtually not metabolized. It is excreted by the kidneys - 2/3 unchanged for 30 hours.

Indications

The drug is used in neurological, psychiatric and narcological practice.

Neurology:

• cardiovascular diseases of the brain (atherosclerosis, hypertension, vascular parkinsonism) with the phenomena of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (memory, attention, speech, dizziness, headache);
• disorders of cerebral circulation;
• comatose conditions, the consequences of injuries and brain intoxication in order to increase motor and mental activity;
• diseases of the nervous system, accompanied by a decrease in intellectual-mnestic functions and disorders of the emotional-volitional sphere;
• symptomatic treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.

Psychiatry:

• neurotic and asthenic-dynamic depressive states of various genesis with prevalence in the clinical picture of the signs of adynamia, asthenic and senesto-hypochondriacal disorders, phenomena of ideational inhibition;
• sluggish-apathetic defective conditions in schizophrenia, psychoorganic syndromes of various etiology, senile and atrophic processes;
• complex therapy of mental diseases occurring on "organically inferior soil";
• complex therapy of depressive conditions resistant to antidepressants;
• poor tolerability of neuroleptics and other psychotropic agents with the aim of eliminating or preventing the somato-vegetative, neurological and psychiatric complications caused by them;
• epilepsy.

Narcology:

• relief of abstinent, pre- and delirious states with alcoholism, drug addiction, in case of acute alcohol poisoning, morphine, barbiturates, phenamine;
• chronic alcoholism with the phenomena of persistent mental disorders (asthenia, intellectual-mnestic disorders).

Pediatrics:

• if necessary, accelerate the learning process and eliminate the consequences of perinatal brain damage, with oligophrenia, mental retardation, cerebral palsy.

In the complex therapy of sickle cell anemia.

Forms of release

Capsules 400 mg.

Tablets 200 mg and 400 mg.

Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection 200 mg / ml (injections) (in ampoules of 5 ml).

Instructions for use and dosage

Tablets or capsules

Inside at the beginning of treatment appoint 800 mg in 3 doses before meals, with the improvement of the condition, a single dose is gradually reduced to 400 mg. The daily dose is 30-160 mg / kg of body weight, the frequency of intake is 2 times a day, if necessary 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment lasts from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary, repeat the treatment.

With prolonged therapy of psycho-organic syndrome in the elderly, the drug is prescribed at 1.2-2.4 g per day; The loading dose for the first weeks of therapy is up to 4.8 g per day. Treatment with pyracetamol, if necessary, can be combined with the use of psychotropic, cardiovascular and other drugs.

When treating the aftermath of coma, in the post-traumatic period the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, supporting - 2.4 g,course of treatment - 3 weeks.

This dosage form is recommended for children from 5 years old - 1 caps. 3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 1.8 g. The course of treatment is from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.

At alcoholism - 12 g per day in the period of manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose - 2.4 g.

In sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg / kg body weight divided into 4 equal portions.

Attention: the last single dose should be taken no later than 5 pm to prevent sleep disturbances.

Injections

Intravenously sprayed or drip, intramuscularly. The daily dose is divided into 2-4 admission.

Symptomatic treatment of psycho-organic syndrome: 4.8 g per day during the first week, then pass to a maintenance dose of 1.2-2.4 g per day.

Treatment of dizziness and related imbalances: 2.4-4.8 g per day.

Treatment of cortical myoclonia: begin with a dose of 7.2 grams per day, every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 4.8 g per day until a maximum dose of 24 g per day is reached. Treatment continues throughout the period of the disease. Every 6 months. should try to reduce the dose or cancel the drug, gradually reducing the dose by 1.2 g per day every 2 days.With little or no therapeutic effect, treatment is discontinued.

In sickle cell vazookklyuzionnom Stroke (adults and children): intravenously with 300 mg / kg per day divided into 4 equal doses.

dyslexia treatment in children older than 8 years old (in combination with other treatments) - at 3.2 g divided into 2 equal doses.

Side effect

Side effects are most often observed at doses above 5 g per day:

• nervousness;
• excitation;
• irritability;
• anxiety;
• sleep disorder;
• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea, constipation;
• anorexia;
• dizziness;
• headache;
• convulsions;
• increased sexual activity;
• weakness;
• drowsiness;
• fussiness;
• anxiety;
• restlessness;
• motor disinhibition;
• decreased ability to concentrate;
• imbalance;
• increased conflict.

Contraindications

• renal failure (CC less than 20 ml / min);
• hemorrhagic stroke (acute stage);
• Depression with anxiety (aggravated depression);
• Huntington's chorea;
• pregnancy;
• lactation;
• children's age (up to 1 year);
• hypersensitivity.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of piracetam use during pregnancy have not been conducted. Use is only possible in cases where the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the possible risk to the fetus.

Pyracetam appears to enter the breast milk. If it is necessary to use during the lactation period, the question of stopping breastfeeding should be solved.

In experimental animal studies, there was no adverse effect of piracetam on the fetus.

special instructions

In the treatment of acute brain lesions, piracetam is administered in combination with other methods of detoxification and restorative therapy, in the treatment of psychotic conditions - with psychotropic drugs.

In the treatment of patients with cortical myoclonia, abrupt withdrawal of the drug should be avoided (risk of resumption of seizures).

In case of occurrence of disturbances of a dream it is recommended to cancel an evening reception, having added this dose to a day reception.

With caution appoint in patients with hemostasis disorder, after extensive surgical interventions, severe bleeding.

When taking piracetam, periodic monitoring of the indicators of kidney function is recommended, and in patients with liver diseases - the functional state of the liver.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms

During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions

Increases the effectiveness of thyroid hormones, indirect anticoagulants (against a background of high doses of pyracetam), psychostimulants.

When administered with neuroleptics reduces the risk of extrapyramidal disorders.

With simultaneous admission with neuroleptics, their central effect (tremor, restlessness, etc.) increases.

Analogues of the drug Pyracetam

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Lucetsam;
• Memotropized;
• Nootebril;
• Nootropil;
• Noocetam;
• Piraben;
• Pyramids;
• Pyramidal;
• Pyracetam buff;
• Piracetam MS;
• Pyracetam Obolensky;
• Piracetam-Vial;
• Piracetam-ratopharm;
• Piracetam-Richter;
• Piracetam-Eskom;
• Stamine;
• Cerebrial;
• The escotrope.

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