Nootropil - instructions for use, analogs, reviews and release forms (tablets 800 mg and 1200 mg, capsules 400 mg, injections in injections) of a drug for the treatment of brain disorders in adults, children and in pregnancy
In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Nootropil. Presented are the opinions of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as the opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Nootropil in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues Nootropil in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use to treat the effects of stroke and brain disorders in adults, children, as well as in pregnancy and lactation.
Nootropil - Nootropic preparation, cyclic derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Directly affects the central nervous system, improving cognitive (cognitive) processes, such as the ability to learn, memory, attention, and mental performance. Nootropism has an effect on the central nervous system in various ways: it changes the rate of spread of excitation in the brain, improves metabolic processes in nerve cells, improves microcirculation, acting on the rheological characteristics of the blood and without causing vasodilating action.
Improves communication between the cerebral hemispheres and synaptic conductivity in neocortical structures, increases mental capacity, improves cerebral blood flow.
Piracetam (the active substance of the drug Nootropil) inhibits platelet aggregation and restores the elasticity of the erythrocyte membrane, reduces the adhesion of red blood cells. At a dose of 9.6 g reduces the level of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factors by 30-40% and lengthens the time of bleeding. Piracetam has a protective and restoring effect when brain function is impaired due to hypoxia and intoxication.
Nootropil reduces the severity and duration of the vestibular nystagmus.
Composition
Piracetam + auxiliary substances.
Pharmacokinetics
After taking the drug inside Nootropil quickly and almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract. Bioavailability of the drug is approximately 100%. Does not bind to blood plasma proteins. When tested on animals, pyracetam selectively accumulates in the tissues of the cerebral cortex, mainly in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, in the cerebellum and basal ganglia. It is not metabolized in the body. Penetrates through the blood-brain and placental barrier. 80-100% of piracetam is excreted by the kidneys unchanged by renal filtration.
Indications
- symptomatic treatment of psycho-organic syndrome, in particular in elderly patients with memory loss, dizziness, decreased concentration and general activity, mood changes, behavioral disorders, gait disorders, as well as in patients with Alzheimer's disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type;
- treatment of the consequences of ischemic stroke, such as speech disorders, emotional disorders, to enhance motor and mental activity;
- chronic alcoholism - for the treatment of psycho-organic and abstinence syndromes;
- comatose conditions (and during the recovery period), incl. after injuries and intoxications of the brain;
- treatment of vertigo of vascular genesis;
- in the complex therapy of low learning in children with psycho-organic syndrome;
- for the treatment of cortical myoclonia as a mono- or complex therapy;
- sickle-cell anemia (as part of complex therapy).
Forms of release
Tablets coated with 800 mg and 1200 mg.
Capsules 400 mg.
Solution for oral administration 200 mg / ml.
Solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection (injections in ampoules for injection).
Instructions for use and dosage
Assign inside and parenterally. The daily dose is 30-160 mg / kg.
Parenteral appoint in case of impossibility of reception inside, in the same daily dose.
Inside is taken during meals or on an empty stomach; Tablets and capsules should be washed down with liquid (water, juice). Multiplicity of admission is 2-4 times a day.
With symptomatic treatment of chronic psychoorganic syndrome, depending on the severity of symptoms, 1.2-2.4 g per day are prescribed, and during the first week - 4.8 g per day.
When treating the consequences of a stroke (chronic stage), 4.8 g per day is prescribed.
In the treatment of coma, as well as difficulties in perception in people with brain injuries, the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, supporting - 2.4 grams per day. Treatment lasts at least 3 weeks.
With alcohol withdrawal syndrome - 12 g per day. Supportive dose of 2.4 grams per day.
Treatment of dizziness and associated disorders of equilibrium - 2.4-4.8 g per day.
Children to correct reduced learning assign 3.3 g per day - 8 ml 20% solution for oral administration 2 times a day. Treatment continues throughout the school year.
In cortical myoclonia, treatment begins with 7.2 grams per day, every 3-4 days the dose increases by 4.8 g / day until a maximum dose of 24 g / day is reached. Treatment continues throughout the period of the illness. Every 6 months, attempts are made to reduce the dose or discontinue the drug, gradually reducing the dose by 1.2 g every 2 days. In the absence of effect or a slight therapeutic effect, treatment is discontinued.
With sickle cell anemia, the daily prophylactic dose is 160 mg / kg body weight divided into 4 equal doses.
Side effect
- nervousness;
- drowsiness;
- depression;
- dizziness;
- headache;
- disturbance of balance;
- insomnia;
- excitation;
- anxiety;
- hallucinations;
- increased sexuality;
- increase in body weight (most often occurs in elderly patients receiving the drug in doses greater than 2.4 g per day);
- nausea, vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- stomach ache;
- dermatitis;
- itching;
- rashes;
- edema;
- asthenia.
Contraindications
- acute violation of cerebral circulation (hemorrhagic stroke);
- terminal stage of renal failure (with CC <20 ml / min);
- children's age up to 1 year (for oral solution);
- children under 3 years (for tablets and capsules);
- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Application in pregnancy and lactation
Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of the use of Nootropil in pregnancy have not been conducted. You should not prescribe the drug during pregnancy, except in cases of extreme necessity.
Piracetam penetrates the placental barrier, excreted in breast milk. The concentration of pyracetam in newborns reaches 70-90% of its concentration in the blood of the mother. If you need to use the drug during lactation should refrain from breastfeeding.
In experimental studies on animals, no damaging effects on the embryo and its development have been identified, including. in the postnatal period, as well as changes in the course of pregnancy and childbirth.
Use in children
Contraindicated in children under the age of 1 year in the form of a solution for oral administration and children up to 3 years of age in the form of tablets and capsules.
special instructions
In connection with the effect of piracetam on platelet aggregation, it is recommended that the drug be administered with caution to patients with hemostasis disorder, during major surgeries, or to patients with symptoms of severe bleeding. In the treatment of patients with cortical myoclonia, sudden interruption in treatment should be avoided, which can lead to the resumption of seizures.
With prolonged therapy of elderly patients, regular monitoring of renal function parameters is recommended, if necessary, dose adjustment is performed depending on the results of the study of creatinine clearance.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms
Taking into account possible side effects, care should be taken when working with mechanisms and driving a car.
Drug Interactions
There was no interaction of Nootropil with clonazepam, phenytoin, phenobarbital, sodium valproate.
Piracetam in high doses (9.6 g per day) increased the effectiveness of acenocoumarol in patients with venous thrombosis: there was a greater decrease in platelet aggregation, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factors, viscosity of blood and plasma than in the administration of acenocoumarol alone.
The possibility of changing the pharmacodynamics of piracetam under the influence of other drugs is low, because 90% of its dose is excreted unchanged in the urine.
When taking piracetam at a dose of 20 mg per day, Cmax in the blood plasma and the character of the pharmacokinetic curve of anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid) in patients with epilepsy receiving constant doses of these drugs do not change.
When taking Nootropil in a dose of 1.6 g with alcohol concentrations in the serum of pyracetam and ethanol (alcohol) did not change. Used to treat alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Analogues of the drug Nootropil
Structural analogs for the active substance:
- Lucetsam;
- Memotropized;
- Nootebril;
- Noocetam;
- Piraben;
- Pyramids;
- Pyramidal;
- Piracetam;
- Stamine;
- Cerebrial;
- The escotrope.
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