Rifampicin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (capsules or tablets of antibiotic 150 mg and 300 mg, injections in ampoules) for the treatment of tuberculosis in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Rifampicin. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of specialists on the use of antibiotic Rifampicin in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Rifampicin in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of tuberculosis in adults, children,as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Rifampicin is a semisynthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic of the rifamycin group. Has a bactericidal effect. Suppresses the synthesis of bacterial RNA by inhibiting the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the pathogen.

Highly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis), is an anti-tuberculosis drug of the 1st series.

It is active against gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus spp. (including multidrug-resistant) (staphylococcus), Streptococcus spp. (Streptococcus), Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., and also for certain gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, Brucella spp., Legionella pneumophila (Legionella).

It is active against Rickettsia prowazekii, Mycobacterium leprae, Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia).

Resistance to rifampicin develops rapidly. Cross-resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs (except for the other rifamycins) was not noted.

Composition

Rifampicin + excipients.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the digestive tract. It is distributed in most tissues and body fluids. Penetrates through the placental barrier. Binding to plasma proteins is high (89%). Metabolised in the liver. It is excreted with bile, feces and urine.

Indications

• tuberculosis (including tuberculous meningitis) as part of combination therapy;
• MAS infection;
• Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by susceptible to rifampicin pathogens (including osteomyelitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, leprosy, meningococcal carriage).

Forms of release

Capsules 150 mg and 300 mg (sometimes mistakenly called pills).

Lyophilizate for solution for injection (injections in ampoules for injection).

Other dosage forms, whether candles or drops, do not exist.

Instructions for use and dosage

Inside, on an empty stomach, 30-60 minutes before meals.

Tuberculosis - 450-600 mg per day (taking into account the body weight), the average daily dose for children over 3 years is 10 mg / kg (but not more than 450 mg / day) 1 time per day for 30 minutes before meals.

Carrying of meningococci - 600 mg per day for 2-4 days, for children - 20 mg / kg 2 times a day for 2-4 days.

Gonorrhea on the first day - 900 mg per day, on the second and third days - 600 mg per day.

For other infections in the acute period - 900-1200 mg per day in 2 divided doses, after the disappearance of the symptoms, treatment is continued for 2-3 days; children under 7 years - 20-30 mg / kg per day, newborns - 15-20 mg / kg per day in 2 divided doses.

Possible introduction into the pathological focus (by inhalation, intracavitary administration,as well as the introduction of a skin lesion into the focus) for 125-250 mg.

Side effect

• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• decreased appetite;
• pseudomembranous colitis;
• hepatitis;
• hives;
• angioedema;
• bronchospasm;
• influenza-like syndrome;
• Thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, eosinophilia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia;
• headache;
• ataxia;
• impaired vision;
• interstitial nephritis;
• acute renal insufficiency;
• violation of the menstrual cycle;
• red-brown staining of urine, feces, saliva, sputum, sweat, tears.

Contraindications

• jaundice;
• recently transferred (less than 1 year) infectious hepatitis;
• severe renal dysfunction;
• increased sensitivity to rifampicin or other rifamycins.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

If rifampicin is necessary in pregnancy, the estimated benefit of therapy for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus should be assessed.

It should be borne in mind that the use of rifampicin in the last weeks of pregnancy increases the risk of bleeding in newborns and mothers in the postpartum period.

Rifampicin is excreted in breast milk.If necessary, use during lactation should stop breastfeeding.

Use in children

In newborns and premature infants, rifampicin is used only in cases of extreme need.

special instructions

Use with caution in diseases of the liver, exhaustion. In the treatment of non-tuberculosis infections, the rapid development of resistance of microorganisms is possible; this process can be prevented by combining rifampicin with other chemotherapeutic agents. With daily administration of rifampicin, its tolerability is better than with intermittent treatment. If it is necessary to resume treatment with rifampicin after a break, you should start with a dose of 75 mg per day, gradually increasing it by 75 mg per day until the desired dose is reached. In this case, kidney function should be monitored; an additional appointment of glucocorticosteroids (GCS).

With long-term use of rifampicin, systematic monitoring of blood and liver function is indicated; It is not possible to use a sample with bromosulfalein load, since rifampicin competitively inhibits its excretion.

PASC preparations containing bentonite (aluminum hydrosilicate) should be prescribed no earlier than 4 hours after taking rifampicin.

Drug Interactions

Due to the induction of microsomal liver enzymes (isoenzymes CYP2C9, CYP3A4), rifampicin accelerates the metabolism of theophylline, oral anticoagulants, oral hypoglycemic drugs, hormonal contraceptives, digitalis preparations, verapamil, phenytoin, quinidine, GCS, chloramphenicol, antifungal agents, which leads to a decrease in their concentrations in the plasma blood and, accordingly, to a decrease in their action.

Analogues of the drug Rifampicin

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Benemycin;
• McCox;
• Rimactan;
• Rimpacine;
• Rimpin;
• Rifadine;
• Rifamor;
• Rifampicin Binergic;
• Rifampicin Ferein;
• Rifaren;
• Eremfat.

Analogues on the curative effect (funds for the treatment of tuberculosis):

• Ascoril eksponorant;
• Benemycin;
• Heptavit;
• Hydrocortisone;
• Glutoxim;
• Zanotsin OD;
• Zukoks;
• Zukoks Plus;
• Isoniazid;
• Kanamycin sulfate;
• Kapastat;
• Combubutol;
• Mairin;
• Maksakvin;
• Metazide;
• The mukonist;
• Sodium nucleate;
• Ofloxacin;
• Pisina;
• Pyrazinamide;
• Polybacterin;
• Prednisolone;
• Retinol palmitate;
• Rimactan;
• Rimpacine;
• Rifadine;
• Rifamor;
• Rifaren;
• Reefater;
• Rifinag;
• Rifogal;
• Streptomycin;
• Tizamide;
• Tubelon;
• Fenazide;
• Phthisopyrum;
• Phthisoetham;
• Cycloserin;
• Ciprobrin;
• Cigapan;
• Etambusin;
• Ethambutol;
• Ethionamide.

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