Zytrolide - instructions for the use of antibiotics, analogs, reviews and release forms (capsules or tablets 250 mg and 500 mg Forte) drugs for the treatment of angina, sinusitis and pneumonia in adults, children and pregnancy. Composition and alcohol

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Zitrolide. Presented are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of physicians specialists on the use of Zitrolide in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Zitrolide in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for treatment of sore throat, sinusitis and pneumonia in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.Composition and interaction of the drug with alcohol.

Zitrolide - antibiotic group of macrolides, is a representative of the subgroup of azalides. Has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action. When creating a high inflammation in the focus of inflammation has a bactericidal effect.

The drug is active against Gram-positive cocci: Streptococcus pneumoniae (streptococcus), Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus groups C, F and G, Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus); Gram-negative bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella parapertussis, Helicobacter pylori (Helicobacter), Legionella pneumophila, Haemophilus ducreyi, Campylobacter jejuni, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis; anaerobic microorganisms: Bacteroides bivius, Clostridium perfringens, Peptostreptococcus spp.

It is also active against: Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (mycoplasma), Ureaplasma urealyticum (ureaplasma), Treponema pallidum, Borrelia burgdoferi.

Zitrolide is not active against Gram-positive bacteria, resistant to erythromycin.

Composition

Azithromycin + excipients.

Pharmacokinetics

When taken orally, sytrolide is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract, which is due to its resistance to acidic environment and lipophilicity. Bioavailability is 37%. Azithromycin well penetrates the respiratory tract, organs and tissues of the urogenital tract (in particular, into the prostate gland), into the skin and soft tissues.The ability of azithromycin to accumulate mainly in lysosomes is especially important for the elimination of intracellular pathogens. It is proved that phagocytes deliver azithromycin to the site of infection, where it is released during phagocytosis. The concentration of azithromycin in the foci of infection is significantly higher than in healthy tissues (an average of 24-34%) and correlates with the degree of severity of the inflammatory process. Despite the high concentration in phagocytes, azithromycin does not significantly affect their function. Azithromycin is retained in bactericidal concentrations in the inflammatory focus within 5-7 days after administration of the last dose, which allowed the development of short (3-day and 5-day) treatment courses. Azithromycin is demethylated in the liver with the formation of inactive metabolites.

Indications

Infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the preparation:

• infections of the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs (including angina, pharyngitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media);
• infections of the lower respiratory tract (including bacterial and atypical pneumonia, bronchitis);
• scarlet fever;
• infections of the skin and soft tissues (incl.rye, impetigo, secondarily infected dermatoses);
• infections of the genitourinary system (including uncomplicated urethritis and / or cervicitis);
• Lyme disease (borreliosis) - for treatment of the initial stage (erythema migrans);
• diseases of the stomach and duodenum, associated with Helicobacter pylori (as part of a combination therapy).

Forms of release

Capsules 250 mg and 500 mg Zitrolide Forte (sometimes mistakenly called pills).

Instructions for use and dosing regimen

Zitrolide and Citrolide Forte are taken orally 1 time per day for 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after eating.

Adults with infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract appoint 500 mg per day for 3 days; the course dose is 1.5 g.

For infections of the skin and soft tissues, 1 g is prescribed on day 1 and 500 mg daily from day 2 to day 5 (course dose 3 g).

In acute infections of the genitourinary system (uncomplicated urethritis or cervicitis), appoint only 1 g.

In Lyme disease (borreliosis) for the treatment of stage 1 (erythema migrans), 1 g is prescribed on day 1 and 500 mg daily from day 2 to day 5 (course dose 3 g).

With gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori, the drug is prescribed for 1 g per day for 3 days as part of a combination therapy.

Children Zitrolid and Zitrolid Forte are prescribed at the rate of 10 mg / kg body weight 1 time per day for 3 days or on the 1st day - 10 mg / kg, then for 4 days - 5-10 mg / kg per day in for 3 days (the course dose is 30 mg / kg).

With Lyme disease (borreliosis), the children are prescribed a dose of 20 mg / kg on day 1 and 10 mg / kg from day 2 to day 5 for treatment of the initial stage of erythema migrans.

Side effect

• diarrhea;
• nausea, vomiting;
• abdominal pain;
• dyspepsia;
• flatulence;
• melena;
• constipation;
• anorexia;
• gastritis;
• change in taste;
• a feeling of palpitations;
• pain in the chest;
• dizziness;
• headache;
• drowsiness;
• anxiety;
• neurosis;
• sleep disturbance;
• vaginal candidiasis;
• nephritis;
• rash;
• photosensitization;
• angioedema;
• conjunctivitis;
• itching;
• hives.

Contraindications

• hepatic failure of severe degree;
• severe renal failure;
• lactation period (breastfeeding);
• children under 3 years old, up to 12 years old for Zitrolide Forte;
• hypersensitivity to azithromycin or other macrolides.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

In pregnancy, Zitrolide and Sietrolide Forte should be used with caution and in cases where the expected benefit of therapy for the mother significantly exceeds the potential risk to the fetus.

The drug is contraindicated for use during lactation (breastfeeding). If it is necessary to use Zietrolide and Sietrolide Forte during lactation during treatment, breastfeeding should be suspended.

Use in children

Contraindicated in children under the age of 3 years, up to 12 years for Zitrolide Forte.

special instructions

It is necessary to observe a break of 2 hours with the simultaneous use of antacids.

After the withdrawal of the treatment, hypersensitivity reactions in some patients may persist, which requires specific therapy under the supervision of a physician.

Drug Interactions

Antacids (aluminum and magnesium-containing), ethanol (alcohol) and food slow down and reduce the absorption of azithromycin.

With the simultaneous administration of Warfarin and azithromycin (in usual doses), no changes in prothrombin time have been detected, but considering that the interaction of macrolides and warfarin may enhance the anticoagulant effect, patients need careful monitoring of prothrombin time.

When combined with digoxin, the concentration of Digoxin increases.

With simultaneous use with ergotamine and dihydroergotamine, their toxic effect (vasospasm, dysesthesia) is enhanced.

With simultaneous use with triazolam, clearance decreases and the pharmacological action of triazolam is enhanced.

Zitrolide slows down the excretion and increases the plasma concentration and toxicity of cycloserine, indirect anticoagulants, methylprednisolone, felodipine, and also drugs undergoing microsomal oxidation (carbamazepine, terfenadine, cyclosporine, hexobarbital, ergot alkaloids, valproic acid, disopyramide, bromocriptine, phenytoin, oral hypoglycemic agents , xanthine derivatives, including theophylline) due to the azithromycin inhibition of microsomal oxidation in hepatocytes.

Lincosamines weaken the effectiveness of azithromycin.

Tetracycline and chloramphenicol increase the effectiveness of azithromycin.

Analogues of the drug Zitrolide

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Azivok;
• Azilide;
• Azimycin;
• Azitral;
• Azitroxy;
• Azithromycin;
• Azithromycin Forte;
• AsitRus;
• Azicid;
• Vero Azithromycin;
• Zetamax retard;
• Zitnob;
• Zitrocin;
• Sumazid;
• Sumaclide;
• Sumamed;
• Sumamecin;
• Sumamecin forte;
• Sumamox;
• Sumatrolide solute;
• Tremak Sanovel;
• Hemomycin;
• Ecomed.

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