Pentoxifylline - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and formulations (100 mg tablets and 400 mg retard, injections in ampoules for injection in solution) for the treatment of circulatory disorders in adults, children and in pregnancy
In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Pentoxifylline. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Pentoxifylline in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues Pentoxifylline in the presence of existing structural analogues.Use to treat circulatory disorders and trophic tissue in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
Pentoxifylline - a drug that improves microcirculation. Angioprotector. Pentoxifylline improves microcirculation and rheological properties of blood. The mechanism of action of Pentoxifylline is associated with inhibition of phosphodiesterase and the accumulation of CAMP in the cells of the smooth muscles of blood vessels and blood cells. Pentoxifylline inhibits the aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes, increases their elasticity, reduces the level of fibrinogen in the plasma and enhances fibrinolysis, which reduces the viscosity of blood and improves its rheological properties.
Has a weak myotropic vasodilator effect. Pentoxifylline somewhat reduces the overall peripheral resistance and slightly dilates the coronary vessels.
In general, Pentoxifylline causes an improvement in microcirculation and supply of tissues with oxygen in the central nervous system and in the extremities, and to a lesser extent in the kidneys.
Pharmacokinetics
After ingestion, pentoxifylline is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the digestive tract. The drug almost does not bind to proteins.Most of pentoxifylline is metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys in the form of water-soluble metabolites (more than 90%).
Indications
- peripheral circulatory disorders due to atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus (diabetic angiopathy), inflammation;
- acute and chronic disorders of cerebral circulation of the ischemic type (ischemic cerebral stroke);
- atherosclerotic and dyscirculatory encephalopathies;
- angioneuropathy (paresthesia, Raynaud's disease);
- diabetic angiopathy;
- trophic tissue disorders due to violation of arterial or venous microcirculation (trophic ulcers, postthrombophlebitic syndrome, frostbites, gangrene);
- obliterating endarteritis;
- acute, subacute and chronic circulatory insufficiency in the retina or in the choroid of the eye;
- hearing disorders of vascular genesis.
Forms of release
Tablets coated with 100 mg.
The tablets covered with a cover, the prolonged action of 400 mg.
Solution for intravenous and intra-arterial administration (injections in ampoules for injections and as a dropper).
Instructions for use and dosing regimen
Pills
Inside, not liquid, squeezed a little water after eating.
Take 200 mg (2 tablets) 3 times a day. After reaching the therapeutic effect (usually 1-2 weeks), the dose is reduced to 100 mg (1 table) 3 times a day.
The maximum daily dose is 1200 mg. The course of treatment is 1-3 months.
In patients with chronic renal failure, the dose is halved.
Duration of treatment and dosage regimen is established by the attending physician individually, depending on the clinical picture of the disease and the therapeutic effect.
Ampoules
The drug can be administered intravenously, intraarterially.
In / in drip slowly introduced at a dose of 100 mg in 250-500 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or in 5% glucose solution (duration of administration - 90-180 min); intraarterially - first in a dose of 100 mg in 20-50 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, and on subsequent days - 200-300 mg in 30-50 ml of the solvent.
Rate of administration: 100 mg (5 ml of a 2% solution of pentoxifylline) for 10 min.
Side effect
- nausea, vomiting;
- feeling of overflow in the abdomen;
- gastric spasm;
- diarrhea;
- dizziness;
- headache;
- lowering blood pressure;
- angina pectoris;
- heart rhythm disorder;
- a sense of tide;
- redness of the skin;
- itching;
- hives;
- angioedema;
- anaphylactic shock;
- occurrence of bleeding (in the gastrointestinal tract, in the skin, in the mucous membranes);
- thrombocytopenia;
- aplastic anemia.
Contraindications
- acute myocardial infarction;
- massive bleeding;
- acute hemorrhagic stroke;
- severe coronary or cerebral atherosclerosis;
- severe cardiac rhythm disturbances;
- hemorrhages in the retina of the eye;
- pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding;
- age to 18 years;
- hypersensitivity to pentoxifylline, other methylxanthines or other components of the finished dosage form.
Application in pregnancy and lactation
Contraindication: pregnancy and the period of breastfeeding.
Use in children
Contraindication: age to 18 years.
special instructions
The compatibility of a solution of pentoxifylline with the infusion solution should be checked in each case.
When carrying out intravenous infusions the patient should be in a prone position.
The drug is well tolerated by patients with the recommended infusion rate and with injections.
The dose of the drug should be reduced for patients with low and unstable blood pressure.
In elderly people, excretion of the drug is reduced, so a dose reduction may be required.
Smoking can reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug.
Drug Interactions
Pentoxifylline is able to enhance the action of antihypertensive agents and anticoagulants.
In patients with diabetes mellitus, who are on treatment with insulin or taking antidiabetic drugs, Pentoxifylline may enhance the hypoglycemic effect of antidiabetic drugs, up to the occurrence of hypoglycemic reactions.
Analogues of the drug Pentoxifylline
Structural analogs for the active substance:
- Agapurin;
- Agapurin retard;
- Agapurin SR;
- Arbiflex-100;
- Arbiflex-400;
- Vazonite;
- Pentamon;
- Pentylin;
- Pentylin forte;
- Pentohexal;
- Pentofyphylline Rivo;
- Pentoxifylline ICN;
- Pentoxifylline Acry;
- Pentoxifylline Darnitsa;
- Pentoxifylline Teva;
- Pentoxifylline FPO;
- Pentoxifylline Eskom;
- Pentomer;
- Radomine;
- Ralofect;
- Ralofect 300 N;
- Trenpental;
- Trental;
- Trental 400;
- Flexitale.
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