Interferon - instructions for use, analogs, reviews and release forms (drops in the nose, solution and suppositories alpha-2 interferon) drugs for the treatment of influenza, orgi, hepatitis in adults, children (including infants) and during pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Interferon. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Interferon in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Interferon in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use to treat and prevent influenza, SARS and hepatitis B and C in adults, children (including newborns and infants), as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Interferon - a mixture of different subtypes of natural alpha-interferon from human leukocytes. It has antiviral, immunostimulating and antiproliferative action. The antiviral effect of the drug is based mainly on increasing the resistance of cells of the body, not yet infected with the virus, to possible effects. By binding to specific receptors on the cell surface, interferon alpha alters the properties of the cell membrane, stimulates specific enzymes, acts on the RNA of the virus and prevents its replication. Immunomodulatory effect of interferon alpha is associated with stimulation of activity of macrophages and NK (Natural killer) cells, which, in turn, participate in the immune response of the organism to tumor cells.

Indications

For parenteral use:

• hepatitis B and C
• genital warts
• hairy cell leukemia
• multiple myeloma
• non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
• mushroom mycosis
• Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with AIDS who have no history of acute infections
• renal carcinoma
• malignant melanoma.

For rectal administration:

• treatment of acute and chronic viral hepatitis.

For intranasal application:

• prevention and treatment of influenza, ARVI.

Forms of release

Candles for rectal use 40 000 IU.

Lyophilizate for the preparation of a solution for intranasal administration of 1000 IU (drops in the nose).

Liquid solution for topical application and inhalation 1000 IU / ml.

Instructions for use and dosing regimen

Intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intranasally. The dose is selected individually for each patient.

Volosatokletochny leukemia: the initial dose - 3 million IU per day for 16-24 weeks, maintenance treatment - 3 million IU 3 times a week.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: 1-3 days - 3 million IU per day, 4-6 days - 9 million IU per day, 7-84 day - 18 million IU per day; maintenance treatment - the maximum tolerated dose (no more than 18 million IU) 3 times a week.

Kaposi's sarcoma against AIDS: the initial dose of 3 million IU per day for the first 3 days, 4-6 days - 9 million IU per day, 7-9 days - 18 million IU per day, with tolerability of the dose increase to 36 million IU over 10-84 days; maintenance treatment - the maximum tolerated dose (but not more than 36 million IU) 3 times a week.

Renal cell carcinoma: 36 million IU per day with monotherapy or 18 million IU 3 times a week in combination with vinblastine. The dose is increased gradually, according to the scheme, starting from 3 million IU for 84 days. Melanoma - 18 million IU 3 times a week for 8-12 weeks.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia and thrombocytosis in chronic myelogenous leukemia: 1-3 days - 3 million IU per day, 4-6 days - 6 million IU per day, 7-84 day - 9 million IU per day, the course - 8-12 weeks.

Thrombocytosis in myeloproliferative diseases, except for chronic myelogenous leukemia: 1-3 days - 3 million IU per day, 4-30 days - 6 million IU per day.

Chronic active hepatitis B - 4.5 million IU 3 times a week for 6 months.

Chronic hepatitis C: initial dose - 6 million IU 3 times a week for 3 months; maintenance dose - 3 million IU 3 times a week for another 3 months.

In primary and secondary thrombocytosis, 2 million IU are prescribed at the beginning of treatment per day 5 days a week for 4-5 weeks. If the number of platelets after 2 weeks does not decrease, the dose is increased to 3 million IU per day, in the absence of effect at the end of the third week, the dose is raised to 6 million IU per day. With the initial thrombocytopenia (less than 15 G / L), the initial dose is 0.5 million IU. When the transition phase of chronic granulocytic leukemia and myelofibrosis is prescribed for 1-3 million IU per day according to the scheme, with multiple myeloma - 1 million IU every other day in combination with cytostatics and corticosteroids for at least 2 months.

Intranasal - for the treatment of influenza and ARVI.

Side effect

• fever;
• headache;
• myalgia;
• weakness;
• loss of appetite;
• nausea, vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• arterial hypotension;
• arrhythmia;
• drowsiness;
• impaired consciousness;
• dry skin;
• erythema;
• skin rash;
• general weakness;
• granulocytopenia.

With parenteral application, side effects are observed much more often than with other routes of administration.

Contraindications

• severe organic heart disease;
• severe impairment of liver or kidney function;
• epilepsy and / or dysfunction of the central nervous system;
• chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver with symptoms of liver failure;
• chronic hepatitis in patients receiving or recently received immunosuppressant treatment (with the exception of SCS treatment);
• autoimmune hepatitis;
• Thyroid disease, resistant to traditional therapy;
• confirmed hypersensitivity to interferon alpha.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

The use of interferon alfa drugs in pregnancy is possible only in cases where the intended use for the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus. If it is necessary to use a lactating mother during breastfeeding, the question of stopping breastfeeding should be resolved.

Patients of reproductive age during therapy should use reliable methods of contraception.

special instructions

They are used with caution in patients with a history of recent myocardial infarction, as well as in cases of changes in blood clotting and myelodepression.

For thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of less than 50,000 / μL, sc is used.

With the development of side effects from the central nervous system in elderly patients receiving interferon alfa in high doses, a thorough examination should be conducted and, if necessary, interrupted treatment.

Patients should be hydrated, especially during the initial treatment period.

In patients with hepatitis C who are receiving interferon alfa therapy for systemic use, there may be thyroid dysfunction, expressed in hypo- or hyperthyroidism. Therefore, before the start of treatment should determine the level of TSH in the blood serum and start treatment only if the normal content of TSH in the blood.

Be wary of interferon alfa concurrently with hypnotics, sedatives, opioid analgesics.

Drug Interactions

Since interferons inhibit oxidative metabolism in the liver, it is possible that the biotransformation of drugs metabolized by this way is violated.

With simultaneous use with ACE inhibitors, synergism with hematotoxic action is possible; with zidovudine - synergism with respect to myelotoxic action; with Paracetamol - may increase the activity of hepatic enzymes; with theophylline - a decrease in the clearance of theophylline.

Analogues of the drug Interferon

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Alfaferon;
• Wallferon;
• Interferon alfa-2b is a human recombinant;
• Interferon leukocyte human;
• Interferon leukocyte human fluid;
• Interferon leukocyte human dry;
• Interferon human leukocyte;
• Interferon human leukocyte in suppositories;
• Interferon alfa-2 recombinant ointment on a hydrogel basis;
• Inferon;
• Lokferon.

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