Zinnat - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets of 125 mg and 250 mg, granules for the preparation of antibiotic suspensions) drugs for the treatment of angina, pyelonephritis, bronchitis in adults, children and pregnancy
In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Zinnat. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of specialists on the use of antibiotics Zinnat in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Zinnat in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of angina, pyelonephritis, bronchitis and other infections in adults, children,as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
Zinnat 2-generation cephalosporin antibiotic for parenteral use. It acts bactericidal, it breaks the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Has a wide range of action.
Resistant to the action of most beta-lactamases.
Cefuroxime (active ingredient of Zinnat antibiotic) is highly active against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis (including strains resistant to penicillins and with the exception of rare methicillin-resistant strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (and other beta-hemolytic streptococci), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus group B (Streptococcus agalactiae), Streptococcus mitis (viridans group), Bordetella pertusis; aerobic Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Providencia spp., Proteus rettgeri, Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Haemophilus parainfluenzae (including ampicillin-resistant strains), Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae including strains that produce and do not produce penicillinase), Neisseria meningitidis, Salmonella spp .; anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria: Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Clostridium spp, Propionibacterium spp .; anaerobic gram-negative bacteria: Bacteroides spp, Fusobacterium spp .; Also active against Borrelia burgdorferi.
By Cefuroxime resistant Clostridium difficile, Pseudomonas spp., Campylobacter spp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Listeria monocytogenes, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Legionella spp.
In studies, it has been shown that when combining cefuroxime with antibiotics from the aminoglycoside group, an additive effect is observed, and in some cases - synergism.
Composition
Cefuroxime (in the form of cefuroxime axetil) + auxiliary substances.
Pharmacokinetics
After ingestion, Zinnat is absorbed from the digestive tract and rapidly hydrolyzes in the intestinal mucosa and blood with the release of cefuroxime into the systemic bloodstream. The food accelerates the absorption of the cefuroxime axetil suspension. When the suspension is taken, the rate of absorption of cefuroxime axetil is lower than when taking tablets. Cefuroxime is not biotransformed in the body, excreted by the kidneys in an unchanged form by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion.
Indications
Treatment of infectious-inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the preparation:
- respiratory tract infections (including acute and chronic bronchitis, infected bronchiectasis, bacterial pneumonia, lung abscess, postoperative infections of the thorax organs);
- infections of the ear, throat, nose (including sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, acute otitis media);
- infection of the genitourinary system (incl.acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, asymptomatic bacteriuria);
- infections of the skin and soft tissues (including furunculosis, pyoderma, impetigo);
- gonorrhea (including acute uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis);
- Lyme disease treatment at an early stage and the subsequent prevention of late manifestations in adults and children over 12 years of age.
Forms of release
Tablets coated with 125 mg and 250 mg.
Granules for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration (sometimes mistakenly referred to as syrup).
Instructions for use and dosage
For adults, a single dose on average is 250 mg, the frequency of admission - 2 times a day.
In severe infections of the lower respiratory tract appoint 500 mg twice a day; for infections of mild and moderate severity - 250 mg twice a day.
With infections of the urinary tract appoint 125 mg twice a day, with pyelonephritis - 250 mg 2 times a day.
In the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea appoint 1 g once.
With Lyme disease, adults and children over 12 years old - 500 mg twice a day for 20 days.
Children under the age of 12 can be given a drug in the form of a suspension. The average dose for children with most infections is 1 tablet (125 mg) 2 times a day.In severe infections or otitis media, in children aged 2 years and older, the average dose is 1 tablet (250 mg) or 2 tablets (125 mg) twice a day.
For infectious diseases of mild and moderate severity, a single dose is established at the rate of 10 mg / kg of body weight.
With the average otitis and severe infections, a single dose is set at a rate of 15 mg / kg. Multiplicity of admission - 2 times a day.
The maximum daily dose is 500 mg.
The duration of the drug on average is 7 days (5-10 days).
The drug is recommended after eating.
Side effect
- nausea, vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- jaundice;
- cases of pseudomembranous colitis are described;
- Hemolytic anemia, eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia;
- skin rash;
- itching;
- hives;
- fever;
- erythema multiforme;
- Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
- toxic epidermal necrolysis;
- serum sickness;
- anaphylaxis;
- headache;
- a positive Coombs reaction.
Contraindications
- increased sensitivity to antibiotics of the cephalosporin group.
Application in pregnancy and lactation
Zinnat is used with caution in the first trimester of pregnancy and during lactation.
In experimental studies, embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of Zinnata have not been established.
Use in children
Possible use in children from 3 months of age.
special instructions
With special care, Zinnat is prescribed to patients with increased sensitivity to antibiotics of the penicillin series, there are reports of cases of cross-allergic reactions.
With prolonged use of Zinnat, an increased growth of resistant microorganisms (Candida, Enterococci, Clostridium difficile) is possible, which may require discontinuation of treatment.
When there is diarrhea against the background of antibiotics, incl. Zinnata, one should keep in mind the possibility of developing pseudomembranous colitis.
When treating Zinnat with Lyme disease, the Jarish-Gersheimer reaction is sometimes noted. This reaction is a direct consequence of the bactericidal action of Zinnat on the causative agent of the spirochaete Borrelia burgdorferi. Patients need to explain that this is a frequent and common, spontaneous passing effect of antibiotic treatment of Lyme disease.
When prescribing Zinnat, patients with diabetes should consider the presence of sucrose in the suspension.
Since in patients receiving cefuroxime axetil, a test with ferrous chloride can produce a false negative result, glucose oxidase or hexokinase methods are recommended to determine the level of glucose in the blood. Cefuroxime does not affect the results of determining the level of creatinine using alkali and picric acid.
Granules or the prepared suspension should not be mixed with hot liquids.
Drug Interactions
Simultaneous administration of cefuroxime and probenecid results in an increase in the AUC of cefuroxime by 50%.
With the simultaneous use of antacids can reduce the bioavailability of Zinnat in the form of a suspension.
Analogues of the drug Zinnat
Structural analogs for the active substance:
- Aksetin;
- Axosafe;
- Antibioksim;
- Acenoveis;
- Zinatsef;
- Zinoxymor;
- Ketoceph;
- Ksorim;
- Proxim;
- Super;
- Cetil Lupine;
- Cefroxime J;
- Cefurabol;
- Cefuroxime;
- Cefuroxime sodium;
- Cefuroxime sodium is sterile;
- Cefuroxime axetil;
- Cephus.
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