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Ampicillin trihydrate - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets 250 mg, powder for the preparation of suspension, injections in ampoules for injections) drugs for the treatment of infections in adults, children and pregnancy

Ampicillin trihydrate - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets 250 mg, powder for the preparation of suspension, injections in ampoules for injections) drugs for the treatment of infections in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Ampicillin. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors specialists on the use of Ampicillin in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Ampicillin in the presence of existing structural analogues.Use for the treatment of angina and other infectious diseases in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

 

Ampicillin - antibacterial bactericide of a broad spectrum of action from the group of semisynthetic penicillins, acid-fast. Inhibits the peptidoglycan polymerase and transpeptidase, prevents the formation of peptide bonds and disrupts the late stages of the synthesis of the cell wall of the fissile microorganism, which leads to a decrease in the osmotic stability of the bacterial cell and causes its lysis.

 

It is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, aerobic non-spore-forming bacteria (Listeria spp.).

 

It is effective against penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus spp., All strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, most strains of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp.

 

Composition

 

Ampicillin (in the form of trihydrate) + auxiliary substances.

 

Pharmacokinetics

 

Absorption after ingestion - fast, high, bioavailability - 40%. It is evenly distributed in the organs and tissues of the body, it is found in therapeutic concentrations in pleural, peritoneal, amniotic and synovial fluids, cerebrospinal fluid, contents of blisters,urine (high concentrations), intestinal mucosa, bones, gall bladder, lungs, female genital tract, bile, bronchial secretion (in the purulent bronchial secretion weak accumulation), paranasal sinuses, middle ear fluid, saliva, fetal tissues. Poor penetrates the blood-brain barrier (permeability increases with inflammation).

 

It is excreted mainly by the kidneys (70-80%), and in the urine very high concentrations of the unchanged antibiotic are created; partially with bile, in nursing mothers - with milk.

 

Do not cumulate. Removed during hemodialysis.

 

Indications

 

Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora:

  • respiratory tract and ENT organs (sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess);
  • infection of the kidneys and urinary tract (pyelonephritis, pyelitis, cystitis, urethritis);
  • infection of the biliary system (cholangitis, cholecystitis);
  • chlamydial infections in pregnant women (with erythromycin intolerance);
  • cervicitis;
  • infections of the skin and soft tissues: erysipelas, impetigo, secondarily infected dermatoses;
  • infections of the musculoskeletal system;
  • pasteurellosis;
  • listeriosis;
  • infections of the digestive tract (typhoid and paratyphoid, dysentery, salmonellosis, salmonella, peritonitis);
  • endocarditis (prevention and treatment);
  • meningitis;
  • bacterial septicemia.

 

Forms of release

 

Tablets 250 mg.

 

Powder or granules for the preparation of a suspension for oral administration.

 

Powder for the preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection (injections in ampoules for injection).

 

Capsules 250 mg and 500 mg.

 

Instructions for use and dosage

 

Inside, adults - 250 mg 4 times a day for 0.5-1 h before meals with a small amount of water; if necessary, increase the dose to 3 g per day.

 

Infections of the gastrointestinal tract and organs of the genitourinary system - 500 mg 4 times a day.

 

With gonococcal urethritis - inside 3.5 g once.

 

Suspension is recommended for children with a mild course of infections: newborns with 1 month - 150 mg / kg body weight per day; up to 1 year - at the rate of 100 mg / kg of body weight per day; from 1 to 4 years - 100-150 mg / kg of body weight per day; Children over 4 years of age are prescribed 1-2 g per day. The daily dose is divided into 4-6 receptions.

 

The duration of treatment depends on the severity of the disease (from 5-10 days to 2-3 weeks, and in chronic processes - for several months).

 

Tablets are taken orally regardless of food intake.

 

Preparation of the suspension: in the vial add water to the risks and shake well.The prepared suspension is stable at room temperature for 14 days. Before each use, the suspension must be shaken. 5 ml of the prepared suspension (1 measuring spoon) contain 250 mg of ampicillin.

 

With parenteral administration (intramuscularly, intravenously, intravenously, or intravenously drip (dropper)), the single dose for adults is 250-500 mg, the daily dose is 1-3 g; In severe infections, the daily dose can be increased to 10 g or more.

 

Newborn children are prescribed in a daily dose of 100 mg / kg, children of other age groups - 50 mg / kg. In severe infection, these doses can be doubled.

 

The daily dose is divided into 4-6 injections with an interval of 4-6 hours. The duration of the / m administration is 7-14 days. The duration of IV application is 5-7 days, with the subsequent transition (if necessary) to the / m introduction.

 

Solution for the / m introduction is prepared by adding to the contents of the bottle 2 ml of water for injection.

 

For intravenous administration of a single dose of the drug (not more than 2 g) is dissolved in 5-10 ml of water for injection or isotonic sodium chloride solution and injected slowly for 3-5 minutes (1-2 g for 10-15 minutes) . With a single dose exceeding 2 g, the drug is administered intravenously drip.To do this, a single dose of the drug (2-4 g) is dissolved in 7.5-15 ml of water for injection, then the resulting solution is added to 125-250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5-10% glucose solution and injected at a rate of 60-80 cap. / min. When i / v drop introduction to children as a solvent used 5-10% glucose solution (30-50 ml, depending on age).

 

The solutions are used immediately after preparation.

 

Side effect

  • skin peeling;
  • itching;
  • hives;
  • rhinitis;
  • conjunctivitis;
  • angioedema;
  • fever;
  • anaphylactic shock;
  • dysbiosis;
  • stomatitis;
  • gastritis;
  • dry mouth;
  • change in taste;
  • abdominal pain;
  • vomiting, nausea;
  • diarrhea;
  • pseudomembranous enterocolitis;
  • aggressiveness;
  • anxiety;
  • confusion of consciousness;
  • behavior change;
  • depression;
  • convulsions (with high-dose therapy);
  • leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, anemia;
  • interstitial nephritis;
  • nephropathy;
  • superinfection (especially in patients with chronic diseases or reduced resistance of the body);
  • candidiasis of the vagina.

 

Contraindications

  • Infectious mononucleosis;
  • lymphocytic leukemia;
  • liver failure;
  • Gastrointestinal disease in history (especially colitis, associated with the use of antibiotics);
  • lactation period;
  • children's age (up to 1 month);
  • increased sensitivity (including to other penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems).

 

Application in pregnancy and lactation

 

With caution apply the drug during pregnancy. Contraindicated during lactation.

 

special instructions

 

At course treatment it is necessary to monitor the status of the functions of the organs of hematopoiesis, liver and kidneys.

 

It is possible to develop superinfection due to the growth of insensitive microflora, which requires a corresponding change in antibacterial therapy.

 

In the treatment of patients with bacteremia (sepsis), the development of a bacteriolysis reaction (the Yarisch-Gerxheimer reaction) is possible.

 

In patients who have increased sensitivity to penicillins, there may be cross-allergic reactions with other beta-lactam antibiotics.

 

In the treatment of mild diarrhea against the background of course treatment, antidiarrheal drugs should be avoided, which reduce intestinal peristalsis; you can use kaolin- or attapulgite-containing antidiarrheal agents, the drug cancellation. With severe diarrhea, you should see a doctor.

 

Treatment should necessarily continue for another 48-72 hours after the disappearance of clinical signs of the disease.

 

Drug Interactions

 

Antacids, glucosamine, laxatives, food slow down and reduce absorption; Ascorbic acid increases absorption.

 

Bactericidal antibiotics (including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, cycloserine, vancomycin, rifampicin) - synergistic action; bacteriostatic drugs (macrolides, chloramphenicol, lincosamides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides) antagonistic.

 

Increases the effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants (suppressing the intestinal microflora, reduces the synthesis of vitamin K and prothrombin index); reduces the effectiveness of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives (it is necessary to use additional methods of contraception), drugs, in the process of metabolism of which forms para-aminobenzoic acid, ethinyl estradiol (in the latter case, the risk of development of bleeding breakthroughs increases).

 

Diuretics, allopurinol, oxyphenbutazone, phenylbutazone, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs that block tubular secretion, increase the concentration of ampicillin in the plasma (by lowering the tubular secretion).

 

Allopurinol increases the risk of skin rash.

 

Reduces clearance and increases the toxicity of methotrexate.

 

Increases the absorption of digoxin.

 

Analogues of the drug Ampicillin

 

Structural analogs for the active substance:

  • Ampicillin AMP-KID;
  • Ampicillin AMP-Forte;
  • Ampicillin Innotek;
  • Ampicillin sodium;
  • Ampicillin-AKOS;
  • Ampicillin-Ferein;
  • Ampicillin sodium salt;
  • Ampicillin sodium salt is sterile;
  • Ampicillin trihydrate;
  • Zetsil;
  • Penodyl;
  • Pentrexyl;
  • Stendacillin.

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Reviews (23):
Guests
med sister
Antediluvian medicine. They are already only grannies in remote villages are being treated.
Guests
simba
In general, I can not imagine who can advise ancient Ampicillin as an antibiotic. He gave me nothing except for diarrhea, when there were no decent antibiotics (just did not deliver) and in pharmacies advised either Bispetol or Ampitsilin.As soon as she began to take it, so on the second day there was a terrible diarrhea and I had to immediately cancel such treatment. Then with new antibiotics: Ampioks, Clarithromycin was treated and already without problems. Ampicillin can only be put on the shelf of history, for more it does not suit.
Guests
Eugene
Excellent, not an expensive tool. Always drink it only, do not see the point of buying an expensive MODERN remedy, of the same series, only with slight differences. Of course, with very heavy, if ampicillin is powerless, you can buy more powerful. But to me always simple ampicillinum helps or assists, both at an angina, and at orvi.
Guests
Anya
Ampicillin trihydrate helps me, but I do not recommend ampicillin, it only made me worse. In the pharmacy, if you ask ampicillin trihydrate, they give the usual, they say, the same thing. Do not believe it! In the composition of ampicillin differs from trihydrate by the presence of three molecules. I am helped with bronchitis only trihydrate. Last time I can not find him in any way.
Guests
Angelina
I agree that the drug Ampicillin is a medicine of the last generation, but I treated my children successfully and the ORZ receded. Although you can not hide how such an antibiotic disastrously affects the intestines with prolonged use. Personally, I myself have not taken this medicine for more than 3-5 days ever. After three days, there was already discomfort and heaviness in the right side, the liver reacted very sharply.
Administrators
admin
Angelina, So why are you harassing yourself if this drug does not suit you. After all, discomfort in the liver with ampicillin is a serious disorder, indicating the side effects of the drug.
Guests
Marina
Greetings) Only today has started to be treated, I will wait for the result! wink
Administrators
admin
MarinaIt will be interesting to know the results of Ampicillin treatment and the diagnosis in the treatment of which he was appointed.
Guests
Julia
Did anyone take it during pregnancy from cystitis? The doctor has appointed or nominated, but as that it is afraid to accept it or him - an antibiotic and through a placenta without problems penetrates ....
Administrators
admin
Julia, Ampicillin can be taken during pregnancy according to the indications, nothing should penetrate there. However, I do not remember when I last saw the appointment of this antibiotic.
Guests
Irina
And my Godmother only them and is treated) It does not fit modern antibiotics, only they are saved by the common cold. But his maximum a couple of days takes)

In general, we cured this cat from dermatitis. Picked up somewhere, almost all the wool from the poor came off, and smeared it with funds from the wind. pharmacies, did not help, thought they would not survive. Well, at his own risk and began to add to him when feeding, for a little bit, the cat straight bloomed)) the new coat came out 2 years ago with his illness, a healthy cat)
Guests
caterina
The medicine 100% saves my throat when I get sick, always! Although I tried new drugs and sprays, advertised and actively prescribed by doctors.
Guests
Oksana Vladimirovna
I have been suffering from tonsillitis for 20 years, but I am treating my throat with ampicillin. I rassozhu with warm water and rinse.The main thing is not to delay, because then only injections!
Guests
Valentina
Always helped for 20 years, they were treated if necessary, I really like the first shock dose, and then 1 tab 4 times a day. Now I need an antibiotic and I thought I looked new. I've been reading so badly, I'll probably buy an old friend, I'll help out, I hope.
Guests
lead
I like ampicillin.
Guests
Alexandra
Who can tell. Is it possible to drink ampicillin from an ampoule for injections?
Administrators
admin
Alexandra, What for? Antibiotics are now quite different and from Ampicillin in treatment they try to leave, because it is ineffective in most cases, only diarrhea provokes well. And so in tablets, and in ampoules, the same drug is contained.
Guests
kyal
What dosage for children up to a year?
Administrators
admin
kyal, Antibiotic Suspension Ampicillin trihydrate is calculated according to the weight of the child, not age. So to get a detailed answer register on the site, as required by the rules of the Directory and write your child's parameters.
Guests
Alex1981
Those who write in this topic that ampicillin does not help and causes diarrhea! Guys, can you have chronic diarrhea or chronic dysbiosis? With these diseases almost any antibiotic in the form of tablets just causes diarrhea. Ampicillin is a very good product, it is quite inexpensive, because it is based on penicillin, but our "respected" doctors and pharmacists are simply not financially profitable to sell it, because the difference in the price of ampicillin and, for example, 750 tablets is about 50 times different. Here you are bred for more expensive drugs from which the pharmacy will earn more. And this trend with virtually all medicines. One more example. Propofol aerosol (when the throat hurts), costs 150 rubles, the course of treatment 2 days 2 times a day. Those. 1 bottle is enough for a family of 4 years old so for 5 treatments.But doctors and pharmacists write out tantum verde, which you fill in the throat with bottles and for the same 5 years, 7 out of 4 people spend 5-6 thousand verdas on this tantum. So, feel the difference.
Guests
Vusala
Very good drug. I saved me from bronchitis ampicillin trihydrate.
Guests
Gulnur
A good drug. It is always necessary to begin to treat with a light antibiotic. Because if you start with more powerful antibiotics, weaker will not help, and the body with the development of resistance, it will be difficult to select another antibiotic. Ampicillin is an inexpensive and effective drug, the whole family is constantly being treated for it. And in general, any antibiotic, even the weakest one should be drunk with a drug to protect microflora. Prophylactically, without waiting for a dysbiosis. Any antibiotic has a harmful effect on the intestinal microflora. It's just not always diarrhea. Somewhere the body itself compensates. But in any case, always drink under the protection of microflora. And they drink an antibiotic, 3-5 days, depending on the severity. And as rarely as possible to resort to antibiotics, and give the body (immunity) itself to cope.
Guests
Irina
The temperature does not knock, you have to take in parallel aspirin.

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