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Erythromycin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets 100 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg, ophthalmic ointment and external) for the treatment of angina, acne in adults, children and pregnancy

Erythromycin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and forms of release (tablets 100 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg, ophthalmic ointment and external) for the treatment of angina, acne in adults, children and pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Erythromycin. Presented are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Erythromycin in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Erythromycin in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of angina, acne (acne) in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

 

Erythromycin - bacteriostatic antibiotic from the group of macrolides, reversibly binds to the 50S subunit of the ribosomes in its donor part, which disrupts the formation of peptide bonds between amino acid molecules and blocks the synthesis of proteins of microorganisms (does not affect the synthesis of nucleic acids). When used in high doses, it may exhibit bactericidal action.

 

The spectrum of action includes Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, as well as other microorganisms: Mycoplasma spp. (including Mycoplasma pneumoniae), Chlamydia spp. (including Chlamydia trachomatis), Treponema spp., Rickettsia spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Listeria monocytogenes.

 

Gram-negative rods are stable: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and also Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. and others. Sensitive groups include microorganisms whose growth is delayed at an antibiotic concentration of less than 0.5 mg / l, medium sensitivity - 1-6 mg / l, moderately resistant and stable - 6-8 mg / l.

 

Pharmacokinetics

 

Absorption is high. The ingestion of food does not affect the oral forms of erythromycin in the form of a base, covered with an enteric membrane.

 

In the body it is distributed unevenly. In large quantities, it accumulates in the liver, spleen, kidneys. In bile and urine, the concentration is tens of times higher than the concentration in the plasma.It penetrates well into the tissues of the lungs, lymph nodes, exudate of the middle ear, secretion of the prostate gland, sperm, pleural cavity, ascitic and synovial fluid. The milk of lactating women contains 50% of the concentration in the plasma. Poorly penetrates the blood-brain barrier, into the cerebrospinal fluid (its concentration is 10% of the content of the drug in the plasma). In inflammatory processes in the membranes of the brain, their permeability for erythromycin increases somewhat. It penetrates the placental barrier and enters the blood of the fetus, where its content reaches 5-20% of the content in the mother's plasma.

 

Excretion with bile - 20-30% unchanged, kidneys (unchanged) after oral administration - 2-5%.

 

Indications

 

Bacterial infections caused by sensitive microflora:

  • diphtheria (including bacteriocarrier);
  • whooping cough (including prevention);
  • trachoma;
  • brucellosis;
  • legionnaires' disease (legionellosis);
  • erythrasma;
  • listeriosis;
  • scarlet fever;
  • amoebic dysentery;
  • gonorrhea;
  • conjunctivitis of newborns;
  • pneumonia in children;
  • urogenital infections in pregnant women caused by Chlamydia trachomatis;
  • primary syphilis (in patients with an allergy to penicillins);
  • uncomplicated chlamydia in adults (with localization in the lower parts of the urogenital tract and rectum) with intolerance or inefficiency of tetracyclines;
  • infection of the ENT organs (tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis);
  • bile duct infection (cholecystitis);
  • infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia);
  • skin and soft tissue infections (pustular skin diseases, including acne vulgaris, infected wounds, pressure sores, second-degree burns, trophic ulcers);
  • infections of the eye mucosa;
  • prevention of exacerbations of streptococcal infection (tonsillitis, pharyngitis) in patients with rheumatism;
  • prevention of infectious complications in medical and diagnostic procedures (including preoperative intestinal preparation, dental interventions, endoscopy, in patients with heart defects).

 

Forms of release

 

The tablets covered with a cover, soluble in an intestine of 100 mg, 250 mg and 500 mg.

 

Ointment eye.

 

Ointment for local and external use (sometimes mistakenly called a gel).

 

Liofilizate for the preparation of a solution for intravenous administration (in vials for injection).

 

Instructions for use and dosage

 

Pills

 

Inside.

 

A single dose for adults and adolescents over 14 years is 250-500 mg, daily - 1-2 g. The interval between doses is 6 hours. In severe infections, the daily dose can be increased to 4 g.

 

Children from 4 months to 18 years, depending on the age, body weight and severity of infection - 30-50 mg / kg per day in 2-4 admission; children first 3 months. life - 20-40 mg / kg per day. In the case of more severe infections, the dose can be doubled.

 

For the treatment of diphtheria carriage - 250 mg twice a day. The course dose for the treatment of primary syphilis is 30-40 g, the duration of treatment is 10-15 days.

 

When amoebic dysentery adults - 250 mg 4 times a day, children - 30-50 mg / kg per day; the duration of the course is 10-14 days.

 

When legionellosis - 500 mg-1 g 4 times a day for 14 days.

 

With gonorrhea - 500 mg every 6 hours for 3 days, then - 250 mg every 6 hours for 7 days.

 

For preoperative preparation of the intestine in order to prevent infectious complications - inside, 1 g for 19 hours, 18 hours and 9 hours before the start of surgery (only 3 g).

 

For the prevention of streptococcal infection (with tonsillitis, pharyngitis), adults - 20-50 mg / kg per day, children - 20-30 mg / kg per day, the duration of the course - at least 10 days.

 

For the prevention of septic endocarditis in patients with heart defects - 1 g for adults and 20 mg / kg for children,for 1 hour before the therapeutic or diagnostic procedure, then 500 mg for adults and 10 mg / kg for children, again after 6 hours.

 

In whooping cough - 40-50 mg / kg per day for 5-14 days. At a pneumonia at children - 50 mg / kg a day in 4 receptions, during not less than 3 weeks. When urino-genital infections during pregnancy - 500 mg 4 times a day for at least 7 days or (with poor tolerance of this dose) - 250 mg 4 times a day for at least 14 days.

 

In adults, with uncomplicated chlamydia and intolerance to tetracyclines - 500 mg 4 times a day for at least 7 days.

 

Ointment

 

Established individually, depending on the location and severity of the infection, the sensitivity of the pathogen. In adults, use in a daily dose of 1-4 g. Children under 3 months - 20-40 mg / kg per day; at the age of 4 months to 18 years - 30-50 mg / kg per day. Multiplicity of application - 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 5-14 days, after the disappearance of symptoms the treatment is continued for another 2 days. Take for 1 hour before meals or 2-3 hours after meals.

 

A solution for external application is applied to the affected areas of the skin.

 

Ointment is applied to the area of ​​the lesion, and in case of diseases of the eyes, they are placed behind the lower eyelid. The dose, frequency and duration of application are determined individually.

 

Side effect

  • skin allergic reactions (hives, other forms of rash);
  • eosinophilia;
  • anaphylactic shock;
  • nausea, vomiting;
  • gastralgia;
  • tenesmus;
  • abdominal pain;
  • diarrhea;
  • dysbiosis;
  • Candidiasis of the oral cavity;
  • pseudomembranous enterocolitis (both during and after treatment);
  • hearing loss and / or tinnitus (when using high doses - more than 4 g /, hearing loss after withdrawal of the drug is usually reversible);
  • tachycardia;
  • prolongation of QT interval on ECG;
  • ventricular arrhythmias, including ventricular tachycardia (of the "pirouette" type) in patients with an extended QT interval.

 

Contraindications

  • hypersensitivity;
  • loss of hearing;
  • simultaneous reception of terfenadine or astemizole;
  • lactation period.

 

Application in pregnancy and lactation

 

In connection with the possibility of penetration into breast milk, one should refrain from breast-feeding while taking erythromycin.

 

special instructions

 

With prolonged therapy, it is necessary to monitor the laboratory parameters of liver function.

 

Symptoms of cholestatic jaundice can develop a few days after the start of therapy, but the risk of developing increases after 7-14 days of continuous therapy.The probability of development of ototoxic effect is higher in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency, as well as in elderly patients.

 

Some resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae are sensitive to the simultaneous administration of erythromycin and sulfonamides.

 

May interfere with the determination of catecholamines in the urine and the activity of hepatic transaminases in the blood (colorimetric determination using de-nylhydrazine).

 

Drug Interactions

 

Incompatible with lincomycin, Clindamycin and chloramphenicol (antagonism).

 

Reduces the bactericidal action of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins, carbopenems).

 

With simultaneous administration with drugs metabolized in the liver (theophylline, carbamazepine, valproic acid, hexobarbital, phenytoin, alfentanil, disopyramide, lovastatin, bromocriptine), the concentration of these drugs in plasma may increase (it is an inhibitor of microsomal liver enzymes).

 

Increases the nephrotoxicity of cyclosporine (especially in patients with concomitant renal failure). Reduces the clearance of triazolam and midazolam, and therefore can enhance the pharmacological effects of benzodiazepines.

 

With simultaneous reception with terfenadine or astemizole - the possibility of arrhythmia development, with dihydroergotamine or unhydrogenated ergot alkaloids - vasoconstriction before spasm, dysesthesia.

 

Slows down the elimination (increases the effect) of methylprednisolone, felodipine and anticoagulants of the coumarin series.

 

With a joint admission with lovastatinum, rhabdomyolysis is increased.

 

Increases the bioavailability of digoxin.

 

Reduces the effectiveness of hormonal contraception.

 

Analogues of the drug Erythromycin

 

Structural analogs for the active substance:

  • Grunamycin syrup;
  • Ilozon;
  • Erythromycin-AKOS;
  • Erythromycin-LekT;
  • Erythromycin-Ferein;
  • Erythromycin phosphate;
  • Eryfluid;
  • Hermitsed.

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Reviews (7):
Guests
leila
Erythromycin ointment was a real salvage during the sexualmaturation, when acne began to appear, comedones and pores expand. All the skin was in pockmarks and ruts from dried acne. Well helped kuriozin, but temporarily, besides strongly dried skin. Already decided to be generous to Zinerit, who at that time was actively advertised on TV, but was very expensive.

In time, the older generation advised to use ointment with erythromycin and not in vain. The effect as well as from expensive Zinerite (probably, did not try), and the price in times is less. I used two tubes of erythromycin ointment and with pimples I said goodbye forever. And then probably overgrew and this problem about myself no longer resembled.
Guests
Armine
Where can I buy it?
Administrators
admin
Armine, Erythromycin, like any other drug, on the territory of Russia can be bought through the official pharmacy network. And on the availability of drugs in a particular region, I do not give any information, unfortunately. Ask for the availability and price of the medicine in the pharmacies of your region.
Guests
face
Helps with acne ointment erythromycin?
Administrators
admin
faceYes, eritromitsinovaya ointment helps with juvenile acne main etiological factor of occurrence of bacteria which may be instead hormonal reasons (but even in the latter case, this ointment helps in reducing the inflammatory response).
Guests
Marat
The antibiotic is old, but has not lost its effectiveness.
Guests
Rituyla
I generally do not understand the division into "old" and "new" antibiotics. Bacteria are the same, the same illness, what's the difference, than to treat? To the husband from a prostatitis erythromycin helps at all worse, than the advertised means. And even without physio.

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