Levomycetin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and formulations (0.25% eye drops, 250 mg capsules, 250 mg and 500 mg tablets) of a medicament for the treatment of bacterial infections of the eyes, skin in adults, children and in pregnancy

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Levomycetin. There are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors specialists on the use of Levomycetin in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Levomycetin in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use to treat infections of the skin, eyes and other organs in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.

Levomycetin - a synthetic antibiotic, identical to the natural - the product of the life of the microorganism Streptomyces venezuelae.

Effective against many gram-positive cocci (gonococci and meningococci), various bacteria (intestinal and hemophilic rods, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, serratsii, iersbnia, proteus), rickettsia, spirochaete and some large viruses. The drug is active against strains resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamides. It is weakly active against acid-fast bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, clostridia and protozoa.

It acts bacteriostatically. The mechanism of antibacterial action is associated with a violation of the synthesis of proteins of microorganisms.

Drug resistance to the drug develops relatively slowly, with, as a rule, no cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutic agents.

Pharmacokinetics

It inhibits peptidyl transferase and breaks the protein synthesis in the bacterial cell. When ingested quickly absorbed from the digestive tract, the therapeutic concentration is maintained for 4-5 hours, bioavailability - 75-90%. Binding to plasma proteins - 50-60%.Penetrates into the organs and body fluids, passes through the BBB and the placental barrier, is found in breast milk. The main amount undergoes biotransformation in the liver; formed conjugates and about 10% of unchanged levomycetin are excreted by the kidneys, in part - with bile and feces. In the intestines, under the action of intestinal bacteria, it hydrolyses with the formation of inactive metabolites.

When instillation in the conjunctival sac creates sufficient antibacterial concentrations in the aqueous humor of the eye, partially enters the systemic bloodstream.

Indications

For systemic use (parenteral and oral):

• typhoid fever
• paratyphoid
• salmonellosis (generalized forms)
• brucellosis
• rickettsiosis (including typhus fever, spotted fever of the Rocky Mountains, fever Ku)
• tularemia
• dysentery
• brain abscess
• meningococcal infection
• trachoma
• inguinal lymphogranuloma
• chlamydia
• yersiniosis
• erlichiosis
• urinary tract infections
• purulent wound infection
• purulent peritonitis
• infection of the biliary tract.

For external use:

• bacterial skin infections, incl. furuncles, wounds, infected burns, bedsores, trophic ulcers, cracked nipples in nursing mothers.
• bacterial infections of the eye, incl. conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, episcleritis, scleritis.

Forms of release

Alcohol solution for external use 0.25-5%.

Eye drops 0.25%.

Capsules 250 mg.

Tablets 250 and 500 mg.

Instructions for use and dosage

In / m, in / in, inside. Dosing regimen is individual. Inside: 30 minutes before meals (in case of nausea and vomiting - 1 hour after meals) and locally. Single dose for adults - 0,25-0,5 g; daily - 2.0 g (in especially severe cases - up to 4 g, under the strict supervision of a doctor and monitoring the blood and kidney function). The daily dose is divided into 3-4 doses. Single dose for children under 3 years - 10-15 mg / kg body weight, 3-8 years - for 0.15-0.2 g, over 8 years - 0.2-0.3 g; take 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days (according to the indications, with good tolerability - up to 2 weeks).

Locally, oscutaneously: alcohol solutions and 5-10% liniment (ointment) are applied to damaged skin several times a day (directly or by impregnating sterile gauze wipes). Possible application with an occlusive dressing. Dressings are carried out after 1-3 days (less often - 4-5 days) until the wound is completely cleansed.

Conjunctival: when treating purulent-inflammatory eye diseases apply 1% liniment or 0.25% aqueous solution.

Contraindications

• hypersensitivity
• diseases of the hematopoiesis
• acute intermittent porphyria
• severe renal and hepatic impairment
• deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
• psoriasis, eczema, fungal diseases of the skin
• period of newborn (up to 4 weeks) and early childhood.

Side effect

• dyspepsia;
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
• irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat;
• dysbiosis;
• leukopenia;
• thrombocytopenia;
• reticulocytopenia;
• hypogemoglobinemia;
• agranulocytosis;
• aplastic anemia;
• psychomotor disorders;
• depression;
• impaired consciousness;
• delirium;
• optic neuritis;
• visual and auditory hallucinations;
• a taste disorder;
• decreased hearing and visual acuity;
• headache;
• skin rash, hives, angioedema;
• dermatitis;
• secondary fungal infection;
• local allergic reactions.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

Contraindicated in pregnancy.

Drug Interactions

Cycloserin increases neuro-ristomycin-hematotoxicity. Phenobarbital accelerates biotransformation, reduces the concentration and duration of the effect.Inhibits the metabolism of tolbutamide, chlorpropamide, derivatives of oxycoumarin (increases hypoglycemic and anticoagulant properties). Erythromycin, oleandomycin, nystatin, levorin increase antibacterial activity, benzylpenicillin salts - reduce. Incompatible with cytostatics, sulfonamides, pyrazolone derivatives, diphenine, barbiturates, alcohol.

Analogues of the drug Levomycetin

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Levovinisol
• Levomycetin Aktitab
• Levomycetin DIA
• Levomycetin AKOS
• Levomycetin sodium succinate
• Chloramphenicol

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