Kromolin - instructions for use, reviews, analogs and formulations (aerosol 2% and capsules with 20 mg powder for inhalation) of the drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis and allergic rhinitis in adults, children and pregnancy
In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Kromolin. Presented are reviews of visitors to the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors specialists on the use of Kromolin in their practice. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Kromolin in the presence of existing structural analogues.Use for the treatment of bronchial asthma, obstructive bronchitis and allergic rhinitis in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation.
Kromolin - antiallergic agent, stabilizer of membranes of mast cells. It inhibits the release of histamine, leukotrienes and other biologically active substances from mast cells. It is believed that the delay in the release of mediators occurs as a result of an indirect blockade of the penetration of calcium ions into the cells. It has been established that cromoglycic acid (the active substance of the drug Kromolin) suppresses the migration of neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes. Cromolin prevents asthmatic reactions of immediate and delayed type after inhaling allergens and non-antigenic stimuli.
The drug is most effective for the prevention of allergic reactions of immediate type in patients of relatively young age, who have not yet developed chronic irreversible changes in the lungs. Long-term use reduces the frequency of asthma attacks and facilitates their course, reduces the need for bronchodilators and glucocorticosteroids (GCS).
Stable effect is achieved in 2-4 weeks.The single dose lasts up to 5 hours.
Composition
Cromoglycic acid + auxiliary substances.
Pharmacokinetics
When Cromoline is used as a powder for inhalation (20 mg of cromolin and 20 mg of lactose as a carrier), only 5-10% of the drug (1-2 mg) falls into the bronchi, 25% remains in the inhaler, 40% in the oral cavity, The remainder settles in the upper respiratory tract and is swallowed. The drug, trapped in the bronchi, is absorbed and withdrawn in unchanged form: 50% with bile, 50% with urine. The drug, trapped in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), is not absorbed and is excreted unchanged with feces.
Indications
- bronchial asthma (atopic form, asthmatic triad, asthma of physical effort);
- chronic bronchitis with bronchoobstructive syndrome;
- prevention of seasonal and / or all-year-round rhinitis of allergic origin;
- vasomotor rhinitis;
- food allergy (with proven antigen).
Forms of release
Aerosol for inhalations dosed 2% in a spray.
Capsules with powder for inhalation 20 mg.
Instructions for use and dosing regimen
Inhalation of the contents of the capsule (powder for inhalation) is carried out with the help of the spinhaler - 1 capsule (20 mg) 4 times a day: at night, in the morning, 2 times in the daytime, with an interval of 3-6 hours.If necessary, increase the dose to 120-160 mg per day.
Dosage aerosol for inhalation is prescribed for adults (including elderly people) and children from 5 years of age for 2-5-10 mg 4 times a day. It is possible to increase the dose to 2 mg 6-8 times a day. When the optimal therapeutic effect is achieved, it is possible to switch to a maintenance dose, which ensures optimal control of the disease.
In severe cases, as well as with a high concentration of allergens, the dose can be increased to 15-20 mg 4 times a day. After achieving a therapeutic effect, do not suddenly stop treatment; cancellation is carried out gradually, within 1 week. When the dose is reduced, it is possible to resume the symptoms of the disease.
To prevent an attack of asthma in bronchial asthma caused by physical stress or cold air, 10-15 minutes before the provoking factor, it is necessary to inhale 10 mg of Kromolin.
Side effect
- exanthema (rash on the skin);
- dermatitis (inflammatory skin damage);
- hives;
- vascular edema;
- photodermatitis (increased sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet rays);
- exfoliative dermatitis;
- malaise;
- dizziness;
- irritability;
- insomnia;
- hallucinations;
- tremor (fast, rhythmic movements of limbs or trunk);
- peripheral neuritis (inflammation of the peripheral nerves);
- noise in ears;
- nausea;
- gastroenteritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa and small intestine);
- unpleasant taste in the mouth;
- stomatitis, glossitis (inflammation of the oral mucosa, tongue);
- swelling of the parotid salivary gland;
- esophagospasm (spasm of the esophagus);
- dyspepsia (abnormal activity of the stomach, difficult and painful digestion);
- flatulence (bloating);
- abdominal pain;
- diarrhea, constipation;
- abnormal liver function;
- frequent urination;
- irritation of bronchi during inhalation (cough, urge for vomiting, short-term spasm);
- pharyngitis (inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx);
- hemoptysis;
- laryngeal edema;
- chest pain;
- heart failure;
- pericarditis (inflammation of the outer shell of the heart);
- hypotension (lowering blood pressure);
- heart rhythm disorder;
- myositis (inflammation of skeletal muscles);
- muscle and joint pain;
- swelling of the joints;
- rarely - serum sickness.
Contraindications
- 1 trimester of pregnancy;
- Children under 5 years of age (for inhalation application in the form of an aerosol) and up to 2 years (in the form of capsules with powder for inhalation);
- increased sensitivity to cromoglycic acid.
Application in pregnancy and lactation
Cromolyn is contraindicated for use in the first trimester of pregnancy. Use in the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy is possible only if the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the potential risk to the fetus.
In small amounts, cromoglycic acid is excreted in breast milk. Application during lactation (breastfeeding) is possible only if the intended benefit to the mother exceeds the potential risk for the baby.
Use in children
Contraindicated in children under 5 years in the form of an aerosol for inhalation and up to 2 years in the form of capsules with powder for inhalation.
special instructions
Treatment of patients with renal / hepatic insufficiency should be under constant monitoring by a physician (should consider the feasibility of reducing the dose).
Do not apply for arresting an acute attack of bronchial asthma.
In exceptional cases,when inhalation of cromoglycic acid develops bronchospasm with a decrease in the function of external respiration, repeated use is not recommended.
In inhalation solution of cromoglycic acid, do not simultaneously use Bromhexine and ambroxol.
With food allergies should be used in combination with a diet that limits the intake of antigen.
Drug Interactions
When applying Cromolin with oral and inhalation forms of beta-adrenostimulants, oral and inhalation forms of GCS, theophylline and other methylxanthine derivatives, antihistamines, a potentiation effect is possible.
The combined use of cromoglycic acid and GCS can reduce the dose of the latter, and in some cases - completely cancel. During the dose reduction, the patient should be under close medical supervision, the rate of dose reduction should not exceed 10% per week.
In an inhalation solution, Cromolin is pharmaceutically incompatible with bromhexine or ambroxol. Bronchodilators should be taken (inhaled) before inhalation of cromoglycic acid.
Analogues of the drug Kromolin
Structural analogs for the active substance:
- Allergo-Chest;
- Vividrin;
- Dipolkrom;
- Intal;
- Ithral;
- Crom-allergen;
- Cromycyl;
- Cromohexal;
- Cromogen;
- Cromoglyn;
- Cromoglycic acid;
- Cromosol;
- Cromospira;
- Cropoz;
- Cusickra;
- Lecrolin;
- Nalkrome;
- Sodium cromoglycate;
- Optivell;
- Stadaglycine;
- Taleum;
- Hi-Krom.
Analogues of the drug Kromolin on the pharmacological group (stabilizers of membranes of mast cells):
- Allergo-Chest;
- Alomide;
- Vividrin;
- Daltifen;
- Dipolkrom;
- Ditek;
- Zaditen;
- Intal;
- Ithral;
- Ketotifen;
- Ketof;
- Crom-allergen;
- Cromycyl;
- Cromohexal;
- Cromogen;
- Cromoglyn;
- Cromoglycic acid;
- Cromosol;
- Cromospira;
- Cropoz;
- Cusickra;
- Lecrolin;
- Nalkrome;
- Sodium cromoglycate;
- Optivell;
- Positon;
- Risaben;
- Stadaglycine;
- Stafen;
- Taileed;
- Taleum;
- Frenasma;
- Hi-Krom.
Review of the allergist doctor
Among my patients there are many patients with bronchial asthma. In their treatment, I sometimes use the drug Kromolin, appointing it in the form of inhalations. Those patients who have a spinhaler (inhaler for the administration of powdered drugs) are used for inhalation capsules with powder, the rest - aerosol. With regular use of the drug is quite effective, it significantly reduces the incidence of asthma attacks. Patients suffer Kromolin inhalation well.Only once in my practice was the case when the patient after the inhalation of the powder showed marked irritation of the respiratory tract. It manifested itself with a strong cough and urge for vomiting. The drug had to be canceled.
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