Abaktal - instructions for use, ratings, analogs and release forms (tablets of 400 mg for preparation of a solution concentrate for injection) medicament for the treatment of cystitis, prostatitis in adults, children and in pregnancy. Composition

In this article, you can read the instructions for using the drug Abaktal. Comments of visitors of the site - consumers of this medication, as well as opinions of doctors of specialists on the use of Abaktal in their practice are presented. A big request is to actively add their feedback on the drug: the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, which were observed complications and side effects, possibly not declared by the manufacturer in the annotation. Analogues of Abaktal in the presence of existing structural analogues.Use for the treatment of cystitis, prostatitis, sinusitis and other infectious diseases in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and lactation. Composition of the preparation.

Abaktal - a synthetic antibacterial drug from the group of fluoroquinolones (not an antibiotic, in the classical sense). Has a bactericidal effect, inhibiting the replication of bacterial DNA at the level of DNA-gyrase.

Abaktal is active against Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Klebsiella spp. (Klebsiella), Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Proteus mirabilis (proteus), indole-positive strains of Proteus spp., Citrobacter spp., Salmonella spp. (salmonella), Shigella spp. (Shigella), Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

The drug is moderately sensitive to Streptococcus spp. (streptococcus) (including Streptococcus pneumoniae), Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., Clostridium perfringens, Mycoplasma spp. (mycoplasma), Chlamydia spp. (chlamydia).

The drug is resistant to gram-negative anaerobes, Spirochaeta spp. (spirochete), Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mycobacterium).

Composition

Pefloxacin (in the form of mesylate) + auxiliary substances.

Pharmacokinetics

After oral administration, Abaktal is well absorbed from the digestive tract. Bioavailability is about 100%. The degree of binding to plasma proteins is 25-30%. Pefloxacin rapidly penetrates into tissues, organs and body fluids (aortic valves, mitral valve, cardiac muscle, bones, abdominal cavity, peritoneal fluid, gall bladder, prostate gland, saliva, sputum).The concentration of pefloxacin in these liquids and tissues is higher than the concentration in the blood plasma. Biotransformatsya in the liver. With normal liver and kidney function, approximately half of the administered dose is excreted in the urine unchanged and in the form of metabolites for 48 hours. About 20-30% of pefloxacin is excreted with bile.

Indications

Treatment of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the preparation:

• infections of the kidneys and urinary tract;
• infections of the pelvic organs (including adnexitis, prostatitis);
• infections of the lower respiratory tract;
• infection of ENT organs (including chronic sinusitis, severe external otitis media);
• severe bacterial infections of the digestive tract (including salmonellosis, typhoid fever);
• infections of the liver and biliary tract;
• infection of the abdominal cavity (intra-abdominal abscesses, peritonitis);
• infection of bones, joints and connective tissue (including osteomyelitis);
• infections of the skin and soft tissues (including those caused by staphylococcus, resistant to penicillin);
• meningeal infections;
• sepsis;
• bacterial endocarditis;
• gonorrhea.

It is used as a monotherapy or in combination with other antimicrobial drugs.

The drug is effective in the prevention of infections in patients with immunodeficiency.

Forms of release

The tablets covered with a cover of 400 mg.

Concentrate for the preparation of a solution for intravenous administration (injections in ampoules) (sometimes mistakenly referred to as powder).

Instructions for use and dosage

Pills

The average dose for ingestion is 800 mg per day. The drug is prescribed 400 mg (1 tablet) 2 times a day, every 12 hours. The maximum daily dose is 1.2 g.

In the treatment of certain infections of the genitourinary system, Abaktal 400 mg (1 tablet) may be administered once a day in the morning or evening.

For treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea in men and women appoint the drug once in a dose of 800 mg.

With severe hepatic insufficiency, it is recommended to prescribe the drug at a dose of 400 mg per day (every 24-48 hours).

Tablets should be taken with meals to avoid abnormalities on the part of the gastrointestinal tract.

Ampoules

Intravenously, the drug is administered as an infusion at a dose of 400 mg every 12 hours; duration of infusion is 1 hour. Preliminary, the contents of one ampoule (400 mg) are diluted with 250 ml of a 5% solution of Dextrose (glucose). Abaktal can not be diluted with a solution of sodium chloride or any solvent containing chlorine ions.

For faster achievement of therapeutic concentrations, administration in the first dose of 800 mg is allowed. The maximum daily dose is 1.2 g.

For the prevention of infectious complications in surgery, intravenous administration of the drug in a dose of 400-800 mg for 1 h before the operation is recommended.

For patients with liver disease, a single dose for intravenous drip administration is 8 mg / kg body weight; duration of infusion is 1 hour. The frequency of infusion is in patients with jaundice 1 time per 24 hours; in patients with ascites - 1 time per 36 hours; in patients with jaundice and ascites - 1 time in 48 hours.

In elderly patients, especially with concomitant disorders of kidney function, the dose should be reduced both when taken orally, and with iv introduction.

Side effect

• loss of appetite;
• dyspepsia;
• diarrhea;
• nausea, vomiting;
• change in taste;
• pseudomembranous colitis;
• headache;
• anxiety;
• dizziness;
• a state of heightened mental arousal;
• depression;
• insomnia;
• impaired vision;
• confusion of consciousness;
• hallucinations;
• tremor;
• convulsions;
• hematuria;
• interstitial nephritis;
• myalgia;
• arthralgia;
• tendonitis;
• rupture of the Achilles tendon;
• phlebitis (with injections);
• skin rash;
• itching;
• hives;
• redness of the skin;
• bronchospasm;
• photosensitization;
• transient changes in the pattern of peripheral blood.

Contraindications

• pregnancy;
• lactation (breastfeeding);
• age to 18 years;
• hypersensitivity to quinolones.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

Abaktal is contraindicated in pregnancy.

If you need to use the drug during lactation, you should decide whether to stop breastfeeding.

Use in children

Contraindicated in children and adolescents under the age of 18 years.

Application in elderly patients

In elderly patients, especially with concomitant disorders of kidney function, the dose should be reduced both when taken orally, and when administered intravenously.

special instructions

Solution for injection is used only in a hospital.

Due to possible photosensitization during the treatment with Abaktal, UV irradiation and direct sunlight should be avoided within 6 days after discontinuation of therapy.

If there is an allergic reaction or changes from the side of the central nervous system, as well as when suspicion of tendonitis should immediately cancel the drug.

Risk factors for the development of tendonitis on the background of fluoroquinolone therapy include: age over 60 years, renal failure, dialysis, concomitant glucocorticosteroid (GCS) therapy, dyslipidemia. The patient should be warned about the need to cancel the drug at the appearance of the initial signs of tendonitis, exclude the load on the affected limb and consult a doctor.

There may be false-positive results in the determination of glucose in urine by the copper reduction method (using copper sulfate), therefore enzymatic methods of analysis should be used.

The drug can be used in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics, metronidazole, Vancomycin and rifampicin.

Caution should be exercised with the simultaneous administration of pefloxacin and isoniazid.

Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and manage mechanisms

Against the background of Abaktal use caution should be exercised when dealing with potentially dangerous activities requiring increased attention and speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions

Absorption of pefloxacin is slowed down by simultaneous administration with antacids containing aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (the interval between doses should be at least 2 h).

Simultaneous administration of Abaktal with cimetidine and Ranitidine leads to an increase in T1 / 2 pefloxacin.

Pefloxacin reduces the metabolism of theophylline and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the liver, which leads to an increase in their concentration in the blood plasma and CNS.

With the simultaneous use of Abaktal and indirect anticoagulants, it is possible to enhance the effect of the latter.

With the combined use of fluoroquinolones and cyclosporine, an increase in the concentration of cyclosporine and the level of creatinine in the blood is possible.

The combination of pefloxacin with tetracyclines and chloramphenicol has an antagonistic effect.

The combination of Abaktal with alcohol leads to an increase in the hepatotoxicity of this combination and may lead to disruption of the liver.

Pharmaceutical interaction

Pefloxacin should not be mixed with solutions containing chlorine ions, to avoid precipitation.

Analogues of the drug Abaktal

Structural analogs for the active substance:

• Peloks 400;
• Perti;
• Peflacine;
• Pefloxabol;
• Pefloxacin;
• Pefloxacin mesylate;
• Unicpec.

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